Indonesia is in the lower end of the research and publication, however, Indonesia has the upper hand in the number and variety of endemic diseases; which happened to be the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). NTDs are the neglected tropical diseases which are infectious and strongly associated with poverty, tropical climate, and vile area. NTDs coexist with poverty because they thrive where access to clean water and sanitation is limited, and people live without protection from disease vectors. The NTDs also are recognized as a contributor to poverty since they can impair intellectual development in children, reduce school enrollment and hinder economic productivity by limiting the ability of infected individuals to work. On the other hand, NCDs are chronic conditions are characterized by disease that do not result from acute infectious process, not communicable, can cause premature morbidity, dysfunction, and reduced quality of life. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are currently responsible for over 60% of global deaths. Sixty-three per cent (63%) of global deaths in 2008 (i.e. 36 million of the 57 million global deaths) resulted from NCDs, principally cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, cancers and chronic respiratory diseases. This burden is one of the major public health challenges facing all countries, regardless of their economic status. NCDs threaten economic and social development and, without concerted efforts at country level, are predicted to increase in the coming decade. WHO stated that Indonesian people at any given time have 23% probability of mortality between the age of 30 and 70 years old because of the four main type of NCDs. 2014 study by WHO portrays that NCDs are estimated to account for 1,551,000 or 71% of total deaths.